Air transport in international trade is the fastest and safest method, but importing goods by air is not always the best option. Its advantages (immediacy, security, simpler logistics and procedures) are counteracted by higher costs and lower cargo capacity, so it is necessary to weigh all factors before making a decision.
Advantages of Importing Goods by Air
Clearly, one of the main advantages of importing goods by air is the reduction in shipping times compared to maritime transport. Additionally, it is worth noting the increased security at airports, which minimizes the risk of theft, loss, or damage to goods.Importing goods by air is the most advisable option for perishable products, with low volume and high value, and when there is a risk of stockout or production chain stoppage.The logistics of air transport are simpler in cases where the destination country has no port, as long road transports are avoided. On the other hand, procedures for importing goods by air are usually less complex than in maritime transport.
Disadvantages of Air Transport
The main disadvantage is the cost of air transport, which is usually higher than maritime transport. Furthermore, cargo planes have much lower capacity than ships, making this method unfeasible for shipping large loads.Finally, it is necessary to consider that current regulations prohibit the air transport of certain goods due to their hazardous nature.
When Importing Goods by Air is Convenient
Air freight is suitable for sending small-sized or high-value goods, as well as perishable products; air transport is also advisable for urgent shipments.Other situations where air shipping is advisable include: risk of stockout, high-value goods with custody, spare parts with risk of production chain stoppage, samples for a fair or for a client, and goods with a very tight expiration date.
Calculating the Cost of Air Shipping
Air freight costs are calculated based on the weight/volume ratio of the goods. It is necessary to calculate the gross weight and the volumetric weight, which in air transport equals 167 kg per cubic meter. The quotation is made for the higher of the two, which will be the chargeable weight. Additionally, the following concepts must be taken into account.
- Fuel Surcharge, surcharge for fluctuations in fuel prices
- IRC, risk insurance charged by the airport
- Customs clearance
- E2/GTC air tax, which taxes the transit of goods through the airport
- Handling, surcharge for cargo handling at the terminal
- AWB (Air Waybill), equivalent to the Bill of Lading
- SRC, liability insurance of the freight forwarder
- PNS, fee of the National Security Program
Air freight is fast and safe but involves many complex and tedious legal procedures, which vary by country. A single mistake carries significant economic consequences, so it is advisable to seek the assistance of a management company that prepares the documentation and coordinates the delivery deadlines of the goods with the scheduled flights of each airline.
